ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of topical rifamycin SV treatment against sternal wound infection (SWI) in diabetic patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods: One hundred and fifty-nine diabetic patients who were scheduled to undergo isolated on-pump CABG surgery were included. Eight were excluded for various reasons. Of the 151 patients; 51 were on insulin therapy and 100 were on oral anti-diabetics. The risk of mediastinitis was assessed using the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2004 guideline update for CABG surgery. According to the risk scores; patients were divided into two comparable groups: the rifamycin group (n = 78) received topical rifamycin treatment after on-pump CABG surgery; and the control group (n = 73) received no topical treatment. Results: Deep sternal wound infection (mediastinitis) was not observed in either group (0/78 vs 0/73; p = 1.0). No superficial sternal wound infection was observed in the rifamycin group; however; it did occur in one patient in the control group (0/78 vs 1/73; p = 0.303). Wound culture was performed and coagulase-negative staphylococci were observed. The infection regressed on initiation of antibiotic therapy against isolated bacteria and the patient was discharged after a full recovery. Conclusion: Although the difference in rate of superficial sternal wound infection (SSWI) in the rifamycin and control groups was not statistically significant; locally applied rifamycin SV during closure of the sternum in the CABG operation may have had a protective affect against SWI
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Wound InfectionABSTRACT
Wound infections in AIDS patients increase discomfort; prolong hospital stay; render an additional burden upon an already debilitated patient and weaken the immune system further. Treatment must relate to the aetiology of the wound and take into account the patients underlying health problems. The treatment of wounds in HIV-AIDS patients is not different from the standard treatment. There are wound -related criteria for selecting the appropriate types of dressing. The best dressing for postoperative wound healing by secondary intention is unknown. Continuing wound evaluation and the appraisal of what dressing is useful for the type of wound and stage of healing is the basis of optimum wound care Optimum wound care; emotional support; health education will enhance both the emotional and physical wellbeing of the HIV-AIDS patient
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , HIV Infections , Review , Wound InfectionABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and subtypes among blood donors and outpatients attendees positive for antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). Justification: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) continues to be a major disease burden on the world and Man is the only known natural host of Hepatitis C virus (Chivaliez and Pawlotsky; 2007). There is no published data on the prevalence of the genotypes and subtypes of HCV in Kaduna State. Setting: Three hospitals one in each of the 3 senatorial zones in Kaduna State. Patients: Blood donors who reported for blood donation and outpatient department attendees. Method: Antibody detection by a third generation HCV ELISA (Biotech Laboratories; UK); HCV RNA and genotyping by Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction with genotype-specific primers. (Sacace Biotechnologies; UK). Results: of the 259 plasma specimens screened for Hepatitis C virus in this study; 20(7.7) were positive for anti-HCV antibodies by ELISA and 16(6.2) of the antibodies positive specimen were positive for HCV RNA. Of the 139 blood donors tested; 8 (5.8) were HCV RNA positive. Similarly; 120 were tested from the outpatient Department attendees and 8 (6.7) were HCV RNA positive. Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b was found in the entire HCV RNA positive sample. Conclusions: The findings of 6.2prevalence of HCV infection based on HCV RNA test confirmed that there is Hepatitis C virus in Kaduna State with genotype 1b as the predominant genotype found in all the three senatorial zones
Subject(s)
Bandages , HIV Infections , Hepacivirus , Molecular Epidemiology , Nigeria , Wound InfectionABSTRACT
Background: This study set out to investigate the aerobic and facultative anaerobic microbial profile of wound infections in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Methods: A total of 202 wound swabs samples were randomly collected from both in and out-patients presenting at the facility. One hundred and thirteen(55.9) of the samples were collected from males while 89(44.6) were from females. The age of the patients ranged from 32 days to 80 years. Samples were processed following standard operating protocols in the microbiology laboratory. Results: Of the 202 samples examined; 164(81.2) had microbial isolates while 38(18.8) yielded no growth. Among the 164 samples with positive microbial growth; 124(75.6) had single isolates while 40(24.4) had polymicrobial growth. Of the 113 males studied; 90(79.7) had microbial growth while 23(20.4) had no growth. Similarly; of the 89 females studied; 74(83.2) had microbial growth while 15(16.9) had no growth. Furthermore; the total microbial isolates from the study was 206. Gram-negative bacterial organisms accounted for 124(60.1) as against 82(39.9) from the Gram-positive's (p
Subject(s)
Gram-Negative Facultatively Anaerobic Rods , Hospitals , Teaching , Wound InfectionABSTRACT
Background: Honey is an ancient remedy for the treatment of infected wounds; which has recently been 'rediscovered' by the medical profession.The use to which honey is put in medical care is increasing daily with many authors pointing out its importance and role in wound care.There have been reports that honey contains many microorganisms including bacteria and fungi. Objective:The aim of this paper is to highlight the various uses; organisms commonly found in honey; how the organisms arrived in the honey and their effects on wounds and wound care.Would the presence of these organisms not constitute a limiting factor to the use of honey in wound management? This is what this review aims to answer Methods:A literature search was done on honey using pubmed; google; local books and journals. Relevant journals were extracted and discussed with emphasis on the antimicrobial properties as well as microbial content of honey and the implications of these. Results:The production of honey as well as the storing process account for the presence of microorganisims. Most of these organisms are said to be in inactive forms as they can hardly survive in honey because of its several properties including hygroscopicity; hyperosmolarity; acidity; peroxide content; antibiotic activities etc. However there is a need for caution in the use of honey in wound management. Con- clusion: We suggest that wounds to be treated with honey should be investigated i.e with a swab for the microorganisms present on the wound and their sensitivity to the honey before commencing honey treatment.This will help in carefully selecting wounds that might do well with honey treatment not withstanding other properties of honey that aid wound healing
Subject(s)
Honey , Wound Infection , Wounds and InjuriesABSTRACT
Les auteurs presentent dans cette etude les resultats du traitement des plaies suppurees par l'application locale de la muscuade. L'application renouvelee toutes les 8 heures pour les plaies tres infectees et toutes les 24 heures en general donne de resultats tres satisfaisants en ce qui concerne l'evolution des secretions et la cicatrisation. Les resultats obtenus sont superieurs a ceux observes avec l'application du Dakin 0;2 pour cent. En plus; aucun effet secondaire n'a ete observe avec la moscuade meme chez les diabetiques
Subject(s)
Sucrose , Therapeutic Uses , Wound Infection/therapyABSTRACT
Les auteurs presentent dans cette etude les resultats du traitement des plaies suppurees par l'application local de la muscuade. L'application renouvelee toutes les 8 heures pour les plaies tres infectees et toutes les 24 heures en general donne les resultats tres satisfaisants en ce qui concerne l'evolution des secretions et de la cicatrisation. Les resultats obtenus sont superieurs a ceux observes avec l'application du Dakin 0;2 pour cent. En plus; aucun effet secondaire n'a ete observe avec la muscuade meme chez les diabetiques
Subject(s)
Wound Infection/therapyABSTRACT
L'activite antibacterienne des extraits totaux aqueux; ethanoliques et chloroformiques des feuilles des 18 plantes medicinales de Kisangani (Nord-Est du Zaire) a ete testee sur les souches de staphylococcus aureus; pseudomonas aeruginosa; proteus vulgaris et escherichia coli isolees des plaies infectees. A l'issue de ces tests; seuls les extraits totaux aqueux de deux plantes; alchornea cordifolia et vernonia amygdalina ont presente une certaine action inhibitrice sur la croissance des germes utilises. Par contre; les extraits ethanoliques et chloroformiques de ces memes plantes ont montre une activite antibacterienne assez variable vis-a-vis de ces souches